By Dr. Baker (ND)
Scleroderma, also known as systemic sclerosis, is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by the hardening and tightening of the skin and connective tissues. Although its exact cause remains unclear, research shows that a combination of genetic and environmental factors may trigger the immune system to attack the body’s tissues, resulting in symptoms such as calcinosis, Raynaud’s phenomenon, esophageal dysfunction, skin tightening, and spider veins. Early detection and a comprehensive understanding of the underlying factors are crucial for effective management.
The Role of Vitamin D in Scleroderma
Multiple studies have explored the link between vitamin D and scleroderma. A pivotal 2017 study found that vitamin D deficiency may be a risk factor for developing scleroderma, with a significantly higher prevalence of the condition among individuals with lower vitamin D levels. Furthermore, a 2016 study revealed that those with low vitamin D levels were more likely to experience lung complications, one of the more severe manifestations of scleroderma. This was corroborated by a 2023 study that highlighted the benefits of vitamin D supplementation, noting a marked reduction in oxidative DNA damage among patients with scleroderma.
Interestingly, research from 2014 showed potential for topical vitamin D in reducing skin scarring, an issue commonly faced by scleroderma patients. However, despite these promising findings, a 2010 study reported that vitamin D deficiency occurred in up to 90% of scleroderma patients, even when they were treated with low-dose vitamin D, suggesting that standard doses may not be sufficient for this population.
It is not recommended to self-treat vitamin D deficiencies as this can lead to potentially dangerous side effects from overdosing. Our clinic tests vitamin D levels so that dosing can be tailored and an appropriate vitamin D blood level can be targeted.
Oxidative Stress and Uric Acid
Oxidative stress may play a critical role in the progression of scleroderma. Elevated uric acid levels have been implicated in exacerbating symptoms. A 2022 study demonstrated that high uric acid could induce scleroderma-like symptoms, providing a possible explanation for the link between metabolic imbalances and the disease. By managing uric acid levels, it might be possible to alleviate some of the condition’s systemic symptoms, though further research is needed to confirm this.
The Impact of Iron Deficiency in Scleroderma
Iron deficiency is another factor that appears to influence the progression of scleroderma. A 2022 case report documented that treating iron deficiency in a patient with scleroderma led to the resolution of respiratory symptoms, underscoring the importance of addressing nutritional deficiencies as part of the overall treatment strategy. Low iron levels have been shown to worsen breathing issues, and iron deficiency anemia is more common in scleroderma patients, further complicating the disease's impact on respiratory health.
Parathyroid Hormone and Calcium
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcium levels are also noteworthy in scleroderma management. A 2017 study found that individuals with scleroderma tend to have elevated PTH levels, which can lead to further complications if not addressed. Monitoring these levels is essential in preventing additional issues, particularly in relation to bone health and calcium metabolism.
The Role of Inflammation
Inflammation may be a driving force behind many of scleroderma’s most debilitating symptoms. A 2012 study found that elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, a marker of systemic inflammation, were associated with an increased risk of lung complications in patients with scleroderma. This highlights the importance of controlling inflammation to prevent disease progression. Preliminary research suggests that anti-inflammatory therapies may offer relief by targeting the inflammatory processes involved in scleroderma.
Nutritional Deficiencies and Malabsorption
One of the critical complications in scleroderma is malabsorption, particularly in the gastrointestinal tract. As a result, patients often experience nutritional deficiencies that can worsen symptoms. Studies have found that certain deficiencies are more prevalent among individuals with scleroderma. A 2010 study showed improvement in scleroderma symptoms following zinc supplementation.
Given the importance of nutrients in maintaining overall health, our clinic will complete testing to monitor for deficiencies. Data suggests that addressing these deficiencies through dietary changes or supplementation may help mitigate the severity of scleroderma symptoms and improve patients' quality of life.
Metabolic Factors
Some research suggests metabolism may play a role in scleroderma. A 1999 study highlighted improvements in joint contractures after managing high blood sugar levels. Our clinic can complete metabolic testing and address any underlying issues that may be related.
Conclusion
Scleroderma is a multifaceted disease with complex underlying factors, including vitamin D deficiency, oxidative stress, metabolic imbalances, and inflammation. Comprehensive testing and personalized treatment plans are essential for managing this condition effectively. By addressing nutritional deficiencies, controlling inflammation, and monitoring metabolic markers, it may be possible to alleviate symptoms and slow the progression of scleroderma.
Note, this post is not intended to be exhaustive. We touched on only a few of the many factors that appear to be related to scleroderma. At our clinic, we prioritize a holistic approach to scleroderma management. Our blood testing panels allow us to pinpoint deficiencies and imbalances, enabling us to create individualized treatment plans tailored to each patient’s unique needs. This approach ensures that the root causes of the disease are targeted, promoting better long-term outcomes for those living with scleroderma.